End-Use Prices Data Explorer: Navigating Global Energy Price Trends
The End-Use Prices Data Explorer is a valuable resource that provides detailed insights into global energy pricing trends, enabling stakeholders to make informed, data-driven decisions in the ever-evolving energy landscape.
This data explorer presents a selection of data from the Energy Prices data set, which provides end-use energy price data across sectors for 148 countries back to 1970. It covers prices for gasoline, automotive diesel, natural gas, electricity, kerosene, LPG, fuel oil, coal, and other products, updated annually. Additionally, more detailed data on end-use prices and taxes are updated quarterly for OECD countries.
In 2024, the global average price of gasoline at the pump was $ 1.11 per litre (USD/l). Prices varied considerably across countries, from $ 0.32 USD/l in Egypt to almost seven times that in Denmark ($ 2.16 USD/l). Many factors explain the price differences, but it’s worth noting that Egypt is a crude oil exporter, while Denmark is an importing country with high demand and higher taxes.
In all countries, prices at the pump are influenced by spot crude oil prices and regulation frameworks. Governments can let retail prices float freely or fix them. In countries where the end-user price is closely controlled, it often doesn’t reflect crude oil price fluctuations.
Energy households expenditure
Geographical variations in transport fuel prices exist within a country due to factors such as pricing frameworks, sub-national taxes, distribution costs (proximity of consumers to suppliers), marketing costs (retail competition and margins), and refining costs (different environmental regulations). For example, gasoline prices across Spain are more homogeneous, mainly due to the country’s size, extensive transport network, and national price regulations, compared with Brazil, where prices are market-based and influenced by local taxes.
In addition to the underlying efficiency of transport systems and buildings, energy bills are also influenced by the amount of energy consumed in each household, the distances traveled by car, the fuel mix and price of various fuels, as well as any taxation and energy bill support measures. These differences mean that exposure to higher prices varies significantly worldwide, with some countries being more vulnerable to higher electricity prices for residential use, gas prices for heating, or oil prices for transportation.
Energy taxation
End-use energy prices are influenced by the taxes imposed on production, transportation, and distribution. For gasoline, taxes can account for as much as 60% of the final price, a level observed in countries such as Israel and Finland.
Energy taxes are an essential source of revenue for government budgets, or to cover the external costs associated with using a given commodity. An increasing number of countries have started earmarking excise taxes for specific purposes. Examples include environmental taxes to deter the use of sulphur or carbon, energy security taxes, or “social” taxes to subsidize access to energy for all.
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